Testosterone optimisation treatments work by stimulating the body's natural hormone production pathways to increase testosterone production, rather than directly supplying testosterone. They’re particularly useful for men who want to maintain fertility and testicular function while addressing symptoms of low testosterone, though they may be less effective in restoring testosterone levels to the same degree as direct testosterone replacement therapies.

Excess body fat, particularly visceral fat, can contribute to lower testosterone levels. Fat tissue contains aromatase, an enzyme that converts testosterone into oestrogen.¹ By reducing fat mass, the conversion of testosterone to oestrogen decreases, potentially leading to higher testosterone levels.² Obesity is often linked to insulin resistance, which can negatively impact testosterone levels.³ The use of GLP-1 medications in men may therefore help restore normal testosterone levels through weight loss mechanisms.³